中国人为什么歧视黑人？从外援疑似被种族歧视说开去

在上周末的中超联赛中，上海申花与长春亚泰的比赛并不是焦点战役；但是本轮联赛结束后，人们谈论最多的却是在这场比赛中亚泰球员张力疑似对申花外援登巴-巴使用种族歧视词语进行辱骂。

当比赛进行到77分钟时，亚泰球员在争头球时与登巴-巴身体接触后倒地，然后张力为队友出头过来斥责登巴-巴。从转播镜头里可以看到两人相互冲对方喊叫并推搡。之后登巴-巴似乎突然被张力某句话激怒，掐住张的脖子，而后被队友拉开。

足坛名记徐江赛后透露，登巴-巴事后告诉球队工作人员，张力口中一直念叨着“you black”这样带有种族歧视意味的词语，喋喋不休了很长时间。

根据吉林媒体《新文化报》报道，在沉默了多天之后，张力终于在接受采访时谈到了这一事件。他表示：“当时我向主裁投诉后，登巴-巴先骂的我，而且他是用中文骂的一句国骂，是所有人都无法忍受的国骂，我不知道他是从哪里学来的。这令我十分愤怒，当时也有些失去理智，就回骂过去。可能是我情绪比较激动，把他惹毛了吧。”

在了解了情况后，网友纷纷表示，如果真的存在种族歧视行为，张力必须被严惩，甚至是亚泰球迷：

但和许多其他涉及黑人的新闻一样，网上依然有一些不和谐的声音：

今天下午，足协将召开听证会，在听取裁判报告等内容后，会进行最终的裁定和性质判断。

但是无论张力是否有种族歧视，中国人对黑人的看法其实早已成为中国社会躲不过去的一个命题了。

网传黑人最多的广州，在埃博拉疫情严重时甚至只能靠官方出来辟谣：

在中国的网络环境中，只要提到黑人，都是妥妥的网络暴力现场：

如果说某些门户网站用户水平参差不齐没有代表性，那么甚至在一些水平尚可的网络社区，论证黑人有劣根性都成了某种意义上的“政治正确”：（知乎提问“中国人歧视黑人吗”最高赞回答）

事实上，这些黑人并没有在就业、社会资源等问题上对中国居民造成什么过分的影响，偏见应该主要产生于中国人与黑人之间的文化差异与物质条件差异。

在全球化不断推进的今天，不同文化不同背景的人类相互交往必然是越发紧密的，其中也当然包括黑人。如果对方粗俗无礼，不尊重中国文化，甚至不怀好意，我们当然要谴责他们，但是有色眼镜是绝不可取的。

大家怎么看呢？

附 中国网友翻译的美国社区Quora上的提问：

Are Chinese people racist against black people?中国人怎么看待他们国家的黑人？

原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.com 翻译：云海的鲸 转载请注明出处论坛地址：http://www.ltaaa.com/bbs/thread-464637-1-1.html

As an African living in China, I think I qualify to answer this
question. The answer is yes, some Chinese people hate black people.

作为一个住在中国的黑人，我觉得我比较适合回答这个问题。答案是，没错，有一些中国人厌恶黑人。

Some reasons why Chinese people hate blacks:

中国人不喜欢黑人的原因有如下几点：

Beauty
standards. For Chinese people, a white or pale skin tone is most
attractive. As a result, white people are their absolute favorite, there
is no doubt about that (according to my own experience).One day while
having lunch with Chinese male friends,a white girl sat about three
meters from our table,and the first thing they said was that she was
extremely beautiful,one even said she was the most attractive girl he
has ever seen,I was surprised by their comments because she was only of
average beauty in my opinion.This also explains why it’s much much
easier for a whiteman to find a Chinese girlfriend as compared to a
black man. Black people are comparatively ugly to them and Middle
Eastern people are not exactly favored.

 一、审美标准不同。对于中国人而言，白色或者苍白的色调是富有吸引力的。因此，白人绝对是他们的菜，这是毫无疑问的（从我个人的经验来看）。有一天，一个白人女孩同一群中国男人吃饭，那个白人女孩离我们的桌子有三米远，然而他们见到她的第一反应就是夸她很漂亮，他们当中甚至有个家伙说这是他有生以来见过最有魅力的女孩。我对他们的评价感到诧异，因为在我看来，她的相貌只是平均水准。这就解释了为什么白人男子比起黑人男子更容易找到中国女友。黑人对他们而言长得不那么讨喜，中东人通常也不受青睐。

Cultural
differences. Most Africans and people from other places other than east
Asia are really loud,too confident,sag their pants, play loud music,
and swagger around wherever they go.This is regarded as being rude and
too full of oneself in Chinese culture.And Chinese people are simply law
abiding citizens while foreigners like to question the authorities.And
it’s a shame some black businessmen are living illegally in Guangzhou.

二、文化差异。大部分非洲人和东亚地区之外的人说话声音太大，太自信了，他们耸拉着裤子，还玩着嘈杂的音乐，所到之处无不招摇。这在中国文化中被视为野蛮粗俗和过于自我的表现。中国人都是遵纪守法的好公民，而歪果仁更喜欢质疑权威。还有一点很遗憾，那就是在广州的一些黑人商贩是非法居留的。

Over
the years, Chinese people have looked up to westerners for technology,
development and prosperity. And Africa beingthe poorest continent in the
world, there is nothing they can learn from an African according to
them. They take it every one who comes from a poor countryis lazy and
ignorant. They 嫌穷爱富，or in English: Hate the poor, and love the rich.Most
just have that mentality of fetishizing about people that are rich,have
status and more good looking than they are.This mentality maybe a
result of widespread atheism.Theyare actually more materialistic than
they seem.A gold digger is called‘Intelligent girl’ In China,and pretty
much every man is comfortable with having a girl marry him for nothing
but his riches .I’ve also noticed that my Chinese friends feel inferior
to someone for no other reason other that he’s richer than they are.Some
of them even accept they are inferior to white people,which in
turn,makes them think other races are inferior to them.

很多年来，无论是科技，发展还是繁荣，中国人都在向西方人看齐。而与此同时，非洲则是世界上最为贫穷的大陆，对于他们而言，他们从非洲人身上学不到什么。他们认为所有来自落后国家的人都是懒惰和无知的。他们，嫌穷爱富。对于比自己有着更多财富，更高地位，更好的相貌的人，他们中的多数人都有着盲目崇拜的心理。这种心理是普遍的。他们远比他们看起来那样要物质得多。在中国，拜金女被誉为“明智的女孩”，有相当多的男人乐意找个只为钱而嫁给他的女孩。我同样注意到，我的一些中国朋友对别人抱有优越感，只因为他比他们要有钱。他们中的一些人甚至认为自己比白种人还优越，反之，他们也会认为其他族裔（比自己有钱）的人更优越。

Due
a a genetic quirk,East Asians’ bodyodor is not as smelly as that of
other races. Chinese people have their ownbody odor which is different
from ours.One of my Chinese friends told me thatsome black people smell
really bad. I explained to him that ,and it’s not only black people,
people of others races do smell bad too if they don’t use deodorant.It
turns out, most African businessmen who come to China are not exactly
rich,so sometimes they go broke and can’t afford to buy deodorant—it’s
more expensive in China.

由于遗传基因，东亚人不像其他族裔那样闻起来那么难闻。中国人和我们有着不同的体味。有一次，我的一个中国朋友跟我说，黑人的体味闻起来糟透了。我对他解释道，这可不只黑人，其他种族的人如果不用除臭剂，闻起来也一样糟糕透顶。一些来到中国的非洲商人并不富裕，有些甚至已经破产了，所以他们买起除臭剂总是囊中羞涩——除臭剂在中国卖得更贵。

Racism
against blacks in China is more prent in Guangzhou, the city that has
the largest number of black Africans,most of which are businessmen. And
from what I heard, the locals' only dream isto see all black people get
kicked out of their hometown.

广州，有着中国最大黑人群体，这些黑人多半经营维生，在这里对黑人的种族歧视要更为普遍。就拿我的听闻来说，当地人最大的梦想就是看到我们被撵出去。

Now
after almost 3 years of living in China, I realize that due to the
strong foundation of Mandarin Chinese that Ibuilt for myself when I
first came to China, am one of the few foreigners that understand the
way Chinese people think, and one of the few that read what Chinese
people write on their blogs. The pictures below show comments Chinese
people made when they were shown pictures of Chinese-black couples with
their mixed blood children.

在中国度过了三年之后，我意识到，由于我在初来中国时所建立的良好人际基础，我已经成为了为数不多了解中国人想法的歪果仁，我甚至能看懂他们的博客。一些这些图片展现了中国人是如何看待中非混血儿童的。（图片内容不和谐，不上传。）

Here are translations to some of the comments:

下面是这些评论的翻译：

"You
marry a black man? You’re a selfish woman, you only think about your
own happiness, you don’t think aboutyour children, they are too ugly."

“你竟然嫁给了黑人？你这个自私的女人，只考虑自己的幸福却不为自己的孩子着想，看看你的孩子多难看。”

"Disgusting!"

“恶心！”

"The couples look happy, but the children are really ugly."

“这对夫妇看起来很开心，但是他们的孩子是真的吃藕。”

"European-Chinese mixed blood is beautiful, I don’t like black people,they are too ugly."

“中欧混血才漂亮，我对黑人提不起劲，因为他们不好看。”

"Cancel the Chinese citizenship of all these women, we refuse black peoples’ genes."

“吊销这些女人的国籍，我们拒绝这种血统。”

I
personally encountered some stereotypes when I first came to China, but
things changed when I proved it to my Chinese friends and lecturers
that African students are not lazy. In fact, I became their favorite in
no time. They treat me fairly all the time, invite me out to dinner
every once in a while, and trust me to the extent of being willing to
lend me money if I need some (I don't accept).So, all the above comments
were made by a small fraction of Chinese people, most of which are
uneducated. The educated Chinese may not like black people, but they
will never make racist comments like that.

我第一次来中国的时候遇到了一些刻板印象，比如认为非洲人全都很懒，但是在向我的中国朋友们证明过后，这些错误的印象终于有所改变。事实上，我没过多久就被他们喜欢上了。他们待我始终非常友好，每隔一段时间就邀请我吃一次晚饭，他们信任我，甚至信任到了只要我一开口就能借到钱的地步（我并不会接受）。因此，上述不分青红皂白就对黑人恶语相向的中国人毕竟只是一小撮没受过教育的家伙。真正受过良好教育的中国人可能会不喜欢黑人，但绝对不会作出像上面这么种族主义的评论。

When
it comes to work ethics, I think Chinese people are more hardworking
than Africans on average, but Africans arenot as lazy as Chinese people
think. In fact, most Europeans are not necessarily hardworking—a fact
that Chinese people haven’t noticed yet—but still,the fact of the matter
is, as a black person living in China,sometimes you willfind it easy to
find a part time job depending on where you come from.Black Americans
are likely to be treated better than black Africans because they are
supposedly richer.And African American celebrities like basketball stars
are really adored by the younger Chinese generations and rap music is
becoming more popular in China,plus black Americans have a better accent
than blackAfricans.But still again, to most Chinese people, a white man
is always preferable regardless of whether he’s more qualified than you
or not.There are always a few exceptions of course like my former
boss王彦炜-works at the Xi’an City Wall,apart from being friendly,he also
doesn’t seem to have racial preferences.The Chinese Christians also
don’t seem to have racial preferences.

当谈到职业道德，我会指出，平均来看中国人比起非洲人要更加勤奋，但是非洲人绝对不像他们想象的那么四体不勤。实际上，很多欧洲人也很难让人把他们和勤奋联系在一起——这个事实在中国鲜为人知——但是，真实的情况依旧如此，倘若你是个在中国过日子的非洲人，你会发现你从哪个国家来将会直接影响你找工作。美籍黑人比起非洲黑人更可能会受到优待，因为他们被认为更阔绰。原因还包括美籍黑人中的篮球明星非常受中国年轻一代的喜爱，而且说唱音乐在中国也越来越流行，加上美籍黑人有着比非洲黑人更好的口音。不过，对于多数中国人来说，一个白人，无论他是否比你更值得称道，都是中国人的偏爱对象。不过也有少数例外，比方说我在西安工作的前上司王彦炜，他不仅非常友善，还没有种族偏好。中国的基督徒们看起来也没有种族偏好。

Anyway,
if you’re a young black man or lady(especially African) and you wish to
go to China for studies or business, becareful not to misbehave.Some
white tourists misbehave in China and stillmanage to avoid a bad
reputation,but for black people,a small mistake will makethings worse.(I
don't really give a fuss about how black people or Africans behave,
because we may all be black or African, but we are still different in
many ways).

不管怎么样，如果你是一个年轻的黑人（尤其是非洲裔），不管男女，我希望在你去中国学习或者经商的过程中，一定要留心自己的举止是否得当。一些去中国的白人游客举止粗俗却免于臭名昭著，但对于黑人群体，一点小的过失都会让事情变得更糟糕（针对前面对非洲裔黑人的特别提醒，我不是在小题大做，但是尽管我们都是黑人，美籍黑人和非裔黑人在很多方面还是有所不同）。