英文如何说教孩子(附中文翻译)
General Disapproval/Disappointment (普遍的不认可/失望):
* "I'm very disappointed in you."
我对你感到很失望。(暗示信任已被破坏)
* "That's not how we behave."
这不是我们该有的行为。(强调预期的行为准则)
* "We don't do that in this house."
在我们家里,不能做那种事。(设定明确的界限)
* "I expect better from you."
我对你有更高的期望。(诉诸他们的潜力)
* "You know better than that."
你明明知道不能那样做。/ 你该懂得更懂事才对。(提醒他们之前学过的道理)
* "That's not acceptable."
这是不可接受的。(明确指出行为是错误的)
Focusing on the Action (关注行为本身):
* "That was a very poor choice."
那是个非常糟糕的选择。(强调做决定的一面)
* "Think before you act."
做事之前要先思考。(鼓励今后要多考虑)
* "What were you thinking?"
你当时是怎么想的?(促使他们反思自己的理由)
* "That's not a safe thing to do."
那样做不安全。(强调安全方面的担忧)
* "That's not a kind thing to do."
那样做不友善。(强调同理心和为他人着想)
Consequences/Expectations (后果/期望):
* "You need to clean that up."
你需要把它清理干净。(要求他们为自己的行为负责)
* "Now you have to apologize."
现在你必须道歉。(教导责任感和如何补救)
* "That's going to cost you [privilege]."
你这样做会失去[某项特权]。(将行为与后果联系起来)
* "You're going to have to earn my trust back."
你必须重新赢得我的信任。(强调行为对关系的影响)
* "We'll talk about this later."
我们晚点再谈这个。(推迟更深入的讨论)
Emphasis on Rules/Boundaries (强调规则/界限):
* "I told you not to [do that]."
我告诉过你不要[那样做]。(重申之前讲过的规则)
* "We have a rule about [that]."
关于[那件事],我们是有规定的。(提醒他们已建立的准则)
* "That breaks the rules."
那违反了规定。(明确指出违规行为)
* "The answer is no."
答案就是不行。(坚定地设定限制)
Expressions of Frustration (Use with Caution) (表达沮丧(慎用)):
* "How many times have I told you?"
我告诉过你多少次了?(可能被觉得是在唠叨)
* "I'm at my wit's end!"
我已经无计可施了!(表达家长的挫败感,但可能让孩子感到压力过大)
* "I can't believe you did that again."
我真不敢相信你又那么做了。(表示难以置信,但避免让它听起来像是指责)
Important Considerations (重要注意事项):
* Tone of Voice: A calm, firm tone is generally more effective than yelling.
语气: 冷静而坚定的语气通常比大喊大叫更有效。
* Consistency: Use refrains consistently to reinforce expectations.
一致性: 始终如一地使用这些说法来强化期望。
* Explanation: Always explain *why* the behavior is wrong.
解释: 一定要解释*为什么*那种行为是错的。
* Age-Appropriateness: Adjust your language and expectations to the child's developmental level.
适龄性: 根据孩子的发育水平调整你的语言和期望。
* Positive Reinforcement: Balance scolding with praise for good behavior.
正面强化: 在责骂的同时,也要平衡地对良好行为给予表扬。
* Avoid Shaming: Focus on the behavior, not the child's character. Avoid name-calling or insults.
避免羞辱: 专注于行为本身,而不是孩子的品格。避免辱骂或侮辱。
* Listen: Give the child a chance to explain their side of the story.
倾听: 给孩子一个机会解释他们的说法。
* Follow Through: Be consistent with consequences.
坚持执行: 说到做到,坚持执行后果。
Example Scenario (示例场景):
Let's say a child draws on the wall. Here's how you might use a combination of refrains:
假设一个孩子在墙上画画。你可以这样组合使用这些说法:
1. Initial Reaction (Calm but Firm): "Oh, no. We don't draw on the walls."
最初的反应(冷静但坚定): “哦,不行。我们不能在墙上画画。”
2. Explanation: "Walls are not for drawing. Paper is for drawing."
解释: “墙不是用来画画的。纸才是用来画画的。”
3. Consequence: "Now, you need to help me clean this up."
后果: “现在,你需要帮我把它清理干净。”
4. Reinforcement (After Cleaning): "Thank you for helping clean. Remember, walls are not for drawing."
强化(清理后): “谢谢你帮忙清理。记住,墙不是用来画画的。”