《文明冲突与世界秩序的重建》节选

【本文由“海边缘”推荐,来自《新乡时报:美国已无法再定义何为“民主”》评论区,标题为小编添加】

1996年,美国著名政治学家萨缪尔·亨廷顿的代表作《文明冲突与世界秩序的重建》节选:

“In the emerging world of ethnic conflict and civilizational clash, Western belief in the universality of Western culture suffers three problems: it is false; it is immoral; and it is dangerous.”

眼下的世界,种族矛盾和文明冲突正浮出水面,由是观之,西方人认为西方文化四海皆准的观念存在三个问题:它是错误的,它是不道德的,它是危险的。

Hypocrisy, double standards, and "but nots" are the price of universalist pretensions. Democracy is promoted, but not if it brings Islamic fundamentalists to power; nonproliferation is preached for Iran and Iraq, but not for Israel; free trade is the elixir of economic growth, but not for agriculture; human rights are an issue for China, but not with Saudi Arabia; aggression against oil-owning Kuwaitis is massively repulsed, but not against non-oil-owning Bosnians. Double standards in practice are the unavoidable price of universal standards of principle.”

伪善、双重标准、以及诸多“如若,则不是”,乃是普世主义者自大狂所要付出的代价。民主在四处被推销,如若民主会让“***”原教旨主义登堂入室,则就不是民主;防止核武器扩散是对伊朗和伊拉克的忽悠,但却不会针对以色列;自由贸易被认为是经济增长的灵丹妙药,但却不适用于农业;人权对于中国是一个问题,沙特阿拉伯却能置身事外;侵略出产石油的科威特,当即成为共同的敌人,但侵略没有石油的波斯尼亚却可以逍遥法外。在实践中的双重标准,乃是原则成为普世标准后必须要付出的代价。

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