劝英国人别学美国，而须珍惜中国巨大的低碳投资新机会

第四届中英经贸论坛在线上举行。中国驻英国大使郑泽光、英国国际贸易部大臣Gerry Grimstone等20多位两国知名人物发言，27万中英两国网友在线收看。在主题为“中英携手共创绿色、低碳、气候变化投资与合作新机遇”论坛一，中国人民大学重阳金融研究院执行院长王文受邀主旨发言，所谈观点多次被同论坛的英国国会议员Mark Logan、苏格兰金融企业协会执行总裁Sandy Begbie等引述。

感谢有这个机会发言。

绿色低碳发展，已成为新时代中国发展最大的新动力。2020年9月，习近平主席宣布中国要推动2030年碳达峰、2060年碳中和目标，现在，碳中和已成为中国社会最热门的词语之一。现在，在北京、上海、深圳、广州，每天都有大量的研讨会、论坛、发布会。

今天，这是我第三个低碳发展的会议。我还真是要感谢在线会议的方式。开个玩笑。

我有三个观点与大家分享：

第一，中国已完成了碳中和发展战略的顶层设计。

今年3月，中国第十四个五年规划发布，“碳中和”第一次写入五年规划和2035年发展目标的纲要中。中央财经委员会明确指出，碳中和是中国一场广泛而深刻的经济社会变革。这意味着碳中和像是一场新的改革开放那样，对中国未来非常重要。说起改革开放，我相信，大家应该不陌生，过去40年，改革开放全面提升了中国。而未来40年，中国要在2060年碳中和，同样也会全面提升中国。

为此，4月30日，中共中央政治局要求各地尽快拿出时间表、路线图、施工图。5月26日，中央碳达峰碳中和领导小组正式成立。中国国务院副总理韩正任组长。9月22日，党中央和国务院就如何做好碳达峰碳中和工作的发布最高指导意见。10月26日，国务院印发2030年前碳达峰行动方案。

现在，中国各省、各市都陆续成立了碳达峰碳中和领导小组。几乎所有大企业也都组建了类似的小组。指导方案已有，接下来就是怎么做了。

为什么我要介绍这些呢？就是想告诉大家，中国对碳中和的承诺，说到做到。

第二，中国民间对碳中和存在争议。

这些年来，各国都存在比较强烈的民粹主义情绪。中国也有。在一些中国人看来，所谓碳减排，对中国是不公平的。他们有三个原因，一是中国是全世界最大的货物贸易国，生产了全世界1/3商品，却过多承担了碳排放计算；二是中国人均碳排放还很低，只有美国的1/2；三是中国虽然是第一大碳排放大国，但中国历史碳排放存量仍只有美国的1/3。

在他们看来，中国过多碳减排，对中国经济未来不利。但是，对中国政府而言，碳中和本身是主动要做的事情，必须全力去推进。

第三，低碳发展将产生巨大的市场利益。

中国目前已是全球最大的绿色金融市场。根据我们的计算，未来40年，为实现碳中和，中国将产生100万亿美元以上的新投资，年均约2万亿美元的投资。这是新的机会。

所以，我的结论是三点：

第一，中英应当加强在绿色低碳领域的真实合作。我说的关键词是“真实”。不要受外界的影响，尤其是不要受到美国的影响。

第二，英国应该多为中国的努力说公道话。现在，欧美国家的媒体、智库天天骂中国。英国独立于欧洲、独立于美国，应该更加看清中国的发展机遇。

第三，中英合作更好地制定未来的绿色低碳国际规则。正如刚才马骏博士所说，中英在绿色金融合作很多，未来在低碳领域还可以更多。

以下为英文版

Green and low-carbon development has become the biggest new driving force for China's development in the new era. As we know, President XI Jingping announced on Sep. 22, 2020 that China would reach the Carbon Peak before 2030 and Carbon Neutrality in 2060.Now, in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Guangzhou, there are a large number of seminars, forums and press conferences every day.

Today, this is my third meeting on low-carbon development. I really want to thank the way of online meeting. Just a joke.

I have three views to share with you:

First, China has completed the top-level design of carbon neutral development strategy.

In March this year, China's 14th five-year plan was released, and for the first time, "carbon neutrality" was written into the outline of the five-year plan and 2035 development goals.

Also, in March, the central financial and Economic Commission of CPC clearly pointed out that carbon neutrality is a broad and profound economic and social change in China. This means that carbon neutrality, like a new reform and opening up, is very important to China's future. Speaking of reform and opening up, I believe we should be no stranger. Over the past 40 years, reform and opening up has comprehensively improved China. In the next 40 years, China will be carbon neutralization before 2060, which will also comprehensively improve China.

On April 30, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee required all local government to come up with timetables, road maps and construction drawings as soon as possible. On May 26, the central carbon peak carbon neutralization leading group was officially established. Mr. Han Zheng, vice premier, served as the group leader. On September 22 this year, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the highest guidance on how to do a good job in carbon peak and carbon neutralization. On October 26, the State Council issued the action plan for reaching the carbon peak by 2030.

Now, all provinces and cities in China have successively established carbon peak carbon neutrality leading groups. Almost all large enterprises have set up similar groups. The guidance plan of Central government of China has been designed.

Why should I introduce this complicated process? I just want to tell you that China's commitment to carbon neutrality has been fulfilled.

Second, there are disputes among Chinese people about carbon neutrality.

Over the years, there has been a strong populism in all countries. China also has. In the view of some Chinese, the so-called carbon emission reduction is unfair to China. They have three reasons.

First, China is the world's largest trading country of goods, producing one-third of the world's goods, but it bears too much carbon emission calculation; Second, China's per capita carbon emission is still very low, only 1 / 2 of that of the United States; Third, although China is the largest carbon emitter, China's historical carbon emission stock is still only 1 / 3 of that of the United States.

In their views, China's excessive carbon emission reduction is unfavorable to China's economic future. However, for the Chinese government, carbon neutrality must be promoted with all efforts.

Third, low-carbon development will produce huge market benefits.

China is now the world's largest green financial market. According to our institute calculations, in the next 40 years, in order to achieve carbon neutrality, China will generate more than $100 trillion in new investment, with an average annual investment of about $2 trillion. This is a new opportunity.

Therefore, my conclusion has three points:

First, China and the UK should strengthen real cooperation in the field of green and low carbon. The key word I'm talking about is "real cooperation". Don't be influenced by the outside world, especially the United States.

Second, Britain should be more fair for China's efforts. Now, the media and think tanks in European and American countries scold China every day. Britain is independent of Europe and the United States. It should see China's development opportunities more clearly.

Third, China and the UK should cooperate to better formulate future green and low-carbon international rules. As Dr. Ma Jun said just now, China and the UK have a lot of cooperation in green finance, and there can be more in the field of low carbon in the future.