金字塔“混凝土说”之辟谣论文

正文太长，只放个摘要吧。

I. Liritzis, C. Sideris, A. Vafiadou， J. Mitsis。Mineralogical, petrological and radioactivity aspects of some building material from Egyptian Old Kingdom monuments。Journal of Cultural Heritage， 9 (2008) 1-13。

Abstract

 Mineralogical, petrological, XRF and radioactivity measurements were carried out on several Egyptian monuments (at Giza plateau and
Abydos), as an integrated archaeological sciences project concerning Egyptian cultural heritage with a threefold aim: (a) the multifold analysis
of construction material (granite, limestone, sandstone, gypsum), providing new data, (b) a detailed radioactivity survey of the monuments, and
(c) the development of a new optical stimulated luminescence dating approach for limestone buildings. Regarding the aim (a), hypotheses that
large building stones used in the monuments were cast, as opposed to carved out of natural stone, are not supported by (i) the presence of
undamaged fossils, (ii) lack of zeolite peaks in X-ray patterns, which would be expected if CaO was used in making cement, and (iii) random
emplacement and strictly homogeneous distribution of fossil shells in the whole rock in accordance with their initial in situ settling in a fluidal
sea bottom environment. Moreover, statistical clustering of chemical composition indicated five rock sub-categories and XRF analysis reported
inhomogeneity of rock composition. In aim (b) a detailed dose rate survey of the studied monuments and of the radioisotope content (U, Th, K,
Rb) of specimens is reported that form a unique data-base for any undertaken dating project. Regarding aim (c), quartz separation from limestone
powder presents a new way to date limestone blocks by the single aliquot Optical Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating protocol, and three
indicative dating cases are presented.

对几个埃及古迹（吉萨高原和Abydos）作为一个关于埃及文化遗产的综合考古科学项目，有三个目标：（a）多重分析建筑材料（花岗岩、石灰石、砂岩、石膏），提供新数据，（b）对纪念碑进行详细的放射性调查，以及（c） 石灰岩建筑光激发光测年新方法的开发。关于目标（a），假设在纪念碑中使用的大型建筑石材是铸造而成，而不是用天然石材雕刻而成，没有（i）的存在未损坏的化石，（ii）X射线图中缺少沸石峰，如果CaO用于制造水泥，这是可以预期的；（iii）随机性化石贝壳在整个岩石中的侵位和严格均匀分布，根据它们在潮间带中的初始原位沉降海底环境。此外，化学成分的统计聚类显示了五个岩石亚类，并报道了XRF分析岩石成分的不均匀性。在目标（b）中，对研究的纪念碑和放射性同位素含量（U，Th，K，（Rb）的样本被报告为任何进行的年代测定项目形成了一个独特的数据库。关于aim（c），从石灰石中分离石英提出了一种新的用光致发光法测定石灰岩的新方法提出了指示性的约会案例。