【社会】为什么越南不修建高速铁路？

【来源龙腾网】

Why didn't Vietnam build high speed railways?

为什么越南不修建高速铁路？

评论原创翻译：

Ralph Nhatrang

Mostly it was a matter of finance. When the Party proposed a Bill to the National Assembly some years ago to build a $100 billion high speed train service between Hanoi and Saigon:

No internal finance was available;

No foreign finance was available, including from the World Bank and Asian Development Bank;

The director of Vietnam Railways pointed out in a published letter that, were the line be built, it would still be cheaper and quicker to fly.

The National Assembly, in a rare display of independence, voted down the Party’s proposal. But the Party continues to think it’s a good idea.

A high speed railway is now being built between Saigon and Can Tho and other proposals are for Hanoi-Haiphong, Hanoi-Sapa and Saigon-Nha Trang lixs. What is also badly needed is a fast (not high speed) goods transport train service between the major cities of Vietnam.

主要是资金问题。几年前，党向国会提交了一项议案，计划投资1000亿美元在河内和西贡之间建设一条高速铁路：

国内没有可用资金；

国外也没有资金，包括世界银行和亚洲开发银行的资助；

越南铁路公司的负责人在一封公开信中指出，即使铁路建成，乘飞机旅行仍然会更经济、更快捷。

国会罕见地独立行使权力，否决了党的提案。但党仍然认为这是一个好主意。

目前正在建设西贡至芹苴的高速铁路，同时还有计划修建连接河内至海防、河内至沙巴、西贡至芽庄的铁路线路。此外，越南各主要城市之间也迫切需要一条快速货运铁路服务。

Lucia Millar

Dear Ralph Nhatrang

The Party did not propose but the government did propose this project. Of course, you could say the party members from the government proposed it.

亲爱的Ralph Nhatrang，

提出这个项目的实际上是政府，而不是党。当然，你也可以说，是政府中的党员提出了这个项目。

In the political structure of Vietnam, the party often does not intervene directly in the administrative activities of the government, as well as the making laws activities of the Vietnamese assembly. All projects and other economic activities have been administrated by the Vietnamese government and also proposed by the Vietnamese governments, not from the Party. The assembly will make laws that the government must follow as well as re-check the government activities. The party seems to be advisors behind both the Vietnamese state bodies including government and assembly. If the party really wishes to do any project, I doubt the assembly could prevent it because most of the members of the Vietnamese assembly are Party members.

在越南的政治体系中，党通常不会直接介入政府的行政管理活动，也不会干预国会的立法活动。所有项目和其他经济活动都是由越南政府管理和提出的，而不是由党提出的。国会负责制定政府必须遵守的法律，并重新审查政府的活动。该党似乎是越南政府和议会等国家机关的幕后顾问。如果党真的想做任何项目，我怀疑大会能否阻止它，因为越南议会的大多数成员都是党员。

原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

Quôc Trân Pham

It is above all a matter of money: Consider the urban railroad line under construction now in Saigon has reached an astronomical cost per km (and is now put on standby). A Quoran has posted an answer detailing the high flying costs of that very first railway. Now transpose the costs to a long distance high speed railway which would require even more robust and safe infrastructures.

归根结底，这是一个资金问题：想想目前在西贡建设中的地铁线路，每公里的成本高得惊人（目前已暂停建设）。有位Quora用户已经详细说明了那条首条铁路的高昂费用。现在把成本转移到长途高速铁路上，这将需要更坚固和安全的基础设施。

Anyway, it is a sound decision because operating high speed trains requires another level of risk management that Vietnamese people are not prepared to: Do you know that on currently, despite the snail pace of Vietnamese trains (under 60km/h) on average, there is one accident a week involving a train and another transportation mean.

无论如何，这是一个明智的决策，因为运营高速列车需要更高级别的风险管理，而越南人民对此尚未做好准备：你知道吗，即使目前越南火车的速度慢如蜗牛（平均低于60公里/小时），每周仍有一起涉及火车和其他交通工具的事故发生。

Julia Vasileva

What are you talking about XD For many years they can’t even finish building their first metro in Vietnam. Speed railways… (http://railways….no) no comments

兄弟，你在说什么? 多年来他们连越南的第一条地铁都建不完。至于高速铁路，不予置评（http://railways….no）。

Nugeny

Vietnam right now has the right solution. They are building huge airports. Yes it cheaper and way steadier than any train. I would fly any time.

越南目前采取了正确的解决方案，他们正在建设大型机场。是的，这比任何火车都便宜，也更稳定。我任何时候都愿意选择乘坐飞机出行。

Dan Le

Why is Vietnam still poor?

It’s a complex issue with no simple answer that captures the multitude of reasons of why Vietnam is ‘poor’. By some international measures of income per capita, as some have stated here, Vietnam has been ‘lifted’ out of poverty and is now enjoying a ‘middle-developed’ status. By other measures, including how the vast majority of Vietnamese live day to day, it still qualifies as ‘poor’.Having lived and worked in Vietnam for many years and still a frequent traveler there, I’ll give my perspective on why I consider Vietnam as ‘too poor’ relative to its resources and abilities. In other words, why Vietnam has not achieved its potential.

为什么越南仍然贫穷？

这个问题很复杂，没有简单的答案能够完全解释越南为何被认为“贫穷”。根据一些国际人均收入标准，有人提到，越南已经“摆脱”了贫困，现在正处于“中等发展”国家的行列。然而，根据其他标准，尤其是考虑到大多数越南人的日常生活状况，越南仍然被认为是“贫穷”的。我在越南生活工作过多年，并且现在仍然是那里的常客，我会从我的视角谈谈，相对于越南拥有的资源和能力而言，我认为越南仍然过于贫穷。换句话说，为什么越南还没有达到其应有的发展水平。