美国学者报道：踢橄榄球可能会增加患帕金森氏症的风险

FRIDAY, Aug. 11, 2023 -- The link between pro football and the risk for a neurodegenerative disease called chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is well known, and now a new study suggests that football may also up the risk for Parkinson’s disease, even among past high school and college players.

2023年8月11日，星期五——职业橄榄球与一种名为慢性创伤性脑病（CTE）的神经退行性疾病的风险之间的联系是众所周知的，现在一项新的研究表明，即使在过去的高中和大学球员中，橄榄球也可能增加患帕金森病的风险。

“Parkinson’s disease has been commonly reported in boxers, but we have not explored this link in great detail in football,” said study author Michael Alosco, an associate professor of neurology at Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine. "This is additional evidence that shows a link between football and later-in-life neurologic problems."

波士顿大学Chobanian&Avedisian医学院神经病学副教授、研究作者Michael Alosco说：“帕金森病在拳击手中很常见，但我们还没有在橄榄球中详细探讨这种联系。”。“这是额外的证据，表明橄榄球与晚年神经系统问题之间存在联系。”

The common denominator is likely blows to the head.

共同点很可能是头部打击。

Parkinsonism is an umbrella term for a group of neurological disorders that result in movement problems. Parkinson’s disease is the most common cause. Symptoms include tremors, stiffness, a shuffling gait and slow movement.

帕金森病是一组导致运动问题的神经系统疾病的总称。帕金森病是最常见的病因。症状包括震颤、僵硬、步态迟缓和行动迟缓。

Exactly what causes Parkinson’s disease is not fully understood, but a combination of genetic and environmental factors likely play a role, according to the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research.

据Michael J. Fox帕金森病研究基金会称，帕金森病的确切病因尚不完全清楚，但遗传和环境因素的结合可能起到了一定作用。

For the study, researchers evaluated 1,875 athletes, including 729 men who played football, predominantly at the amateur level, and 1,146 men who played other sports. All of the participants were enrolled in Fox Insight, an online study of people with and without Parkinson’s disease sponsored by the Michael J. Fox Foundation. Participants who did not have Parkinson’s disease told researchers they were concerned about their risk.

在这项研究中，研究人员评估了1875名运动员，其中729名男子踢橄榄球，主要是业余水平的，1146名男子进行其他运动。所有参与者都参加了Fox Insight，这是一项由Michael J. Fox基金会赞助的针对帕金森病患者和非帕金森病患者的在线研究。没有帕金森氏症的参与者告诉研究人员，他们担心自己的风险。

The researchers found that men with a history of playing organized tackle football were 61% more likely to be diagnosed with parkinsonism or Parkinson’s disease. The findings held even after researchers controlled for other known risk factors.

研究人员发现，有组织铲球史的男性被诊断为帕金森病或帕金森病的可能性高出61%。即使在研究人员控制了其他已知的风险因素后，这一发现仍然成立。

The longer men played, the higher these odds, the study showed.

研究表明，男性玩得越久，这种几率就越高。

Football players were around age 68, on average, and had played for more than four seasons, typically at the youth or high school level. Of the football players, 89% were diagnosed with parkinsonism or Parkinson’s disease.

橄榄球运动员平均年龄在68岁左右，已经踢了四个多赛季，通常是在青少年或高中阶段。在橄榄球运动员中，89%被诊断出患有帕金森病或帕金森病。

Now, Alosco and his colleagues plan to continue their research and educate the public on these potential risks.

现在，Alosco和他的同事计划继续他们的研究，并就这些潜在风险教育公众。

“There are many ex-football players who don’t have Parkinson’s disease or CTE,” he noted. “These problems happen because of a lot of different risk factors that come together.”

“有许多前橄榄球运动员没有帕金森氏症或CTE，”他指出。“这些问题的发生是因为许多不同的风险因素综合在一起。”

There is an important role for prevention, Alosco said.

Alosco说，预防具有重要作用。

“The best way to reduce risk is to delay playing tackle football and removing head impact from practice,” he said.

“减少风险的最好方法是推迟踢铲球，并从训练中消除头部撞击，”他说。

The findings were published Aug. 11 in JAMA Network Open.

研究结果于8月11日发表在《美国医学会杂志》网络公开版上。

Dr. Roy Alcalay, an associate professor of clinical neurology at Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York City, reviewed the findings.

纽约市哥伦比亚大学欧文医学中心临床神经病学副教授Roy Alcalay博士回顾了这一发现。

“The association between Parkinson’s disease and brain injury has been studied in boxing," Alcalay said, adding that former heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali was widely reported to have Parkinson’s disease.

Alcalay说：“拳击界已经研究了帕金森病和脑损伤之间的关系。”他补充说，据广泛报道，前重量级冠军穆罕默德·阿里患有帕金森病。

“The new study suggests that football may also increase these risks and adds to the data that football playing can be dangerous,” he said. “The concerning thing is that even non-professional players were at a higher risk for Parkinson's disease in this study, and there aren’t early red flags to say 'if this happens, you should stop playing or see a neurologist.'"

他说：“新的研究表明，橄榄球也可能增加这些风险，并增加了橄榄球比赛可能是危险的数据。”。“令人担忧的是，在这项研究中，即使是非职业球员患帕金森病的风险也更高，而且没有早期的危险信号表明‘如果发生这种情况，你应该停止比赛或去看神经科医生。’”