外国网友：南京大屠杀让我对日本人的看法发生了深刻的变化！

在南京大屠杀中，大量平民及战俘被日军杀害，无数家庭支离破碎，南京大屠杀的遇难人数超过30万。

毫无疑问，对于中国人而言，“南京大屠杀”是永远不可弥合的伤痛，82年来，我们一次次的向世界述说展示着曾经那惨无人道的一幕，82年的今天，世界对于那人类历史上最为丑恶且不可原谅的一幕，又有着怎么的认知？

1、KotaroHanawa

“What the hell is theNanking Massacre anyway?” is the predicted response you'll likely receive when asking someone this question to a youth.

“南京大屠杀是什么？” 如果你问（日本）年轻人，你多半会得到这个回复。

I first learned about the “GreatNanking Incident” not in school, but during a school trip in Nagasaki. Therewas a mandatory lecture by the survivors of the bombing we needed to attend. The lecturer was also leading an organization which financially supports and promotes interactions with the victims of both the Atomic bomb and the Nanking Massacre. (I believe his wife, who was also a victim of the blast, was a memberof an organization or sort to support the victims of sex crimes committed duringthe war, although I don’t know much details about her because she was absent)

我最开始不是在学校里了解到南京事件的，而是在去长崎的修学旅行中了解到的。我们被强制要求去参加一个由轰炸幸存者们举办的课程，讲课者同时也是一个以财务资助，促进原子弹和南京大屠杀这双方幸存者们之间交流互动的组织的领导人。（我记得这个讲课者的老婆也是个原子弹的幸存者，她那时也是帮助在战争中遭受性犯罪的受害者的组织的一员，然而因为她没出席所以我也不太清楚细节）

He showed us multiple photoswhich he claimed to be the victims of the incident. He was already over 90 bythe time he lectured this when I was a 6th grader so I doubt he is still aliveor at least still active, but that was clearly the only time we were mentioned about the massacre during my teenage career.

他给我们看了一些他宣称是南京大屠杀幸存者们的照片。他讲课那时都已经九十多岁了而我那时候才六年级，所以我很怀疑他现在是否还在世，但那确实是我青少年时期唯一一次听别人说起南京大屠杀相关的事情。

Well, even then, most of usweren't listening to his lecture a bit as there were no follow up tests whichaffects our GPA. I must confess that many of us were actually making fun aboutthe bomb and the massacre (like many of the other 13, 14 year old over theglobe).

然而，因为之后不会有相关的考试，大多数人都把课程当耳边风。我得承认实际上当时很多人其实在拿原子弹和大屠杀来开玩笑。（就像其他世界上13，14岁的小屁孩一样）。

2、carlett Mitchell

I've seen relevant information and pictures. To be honest, in the following week, the content of the pictures made me feel uneasy!

我看过相关资料和图片。老实说，在接下来的一周里，这些照片的内容让我感到不安！

Their behavior was generally savage and barbaric. The Japanese were one of the most racist societies in history right up there with and possibly worse than Nazi Germany. They believed their superiority gave them to right to treat their inferiors any way they wanted and they left a swath of 10 million or more civilian bodies in their wake.

日本军人表现得像未开化的野蛮人。当时的日本是历史上最种族主义的国家之一，甚至比纳粹德国还要恶劣。他们认为自己具有优势，可以有权随意对待比他们弱势的国家，大量的平民遭到屠杀。

Civilians were shot, bayoneted, beheaded, mutilated, buried alive, raped in a frenzy of sadistic butchery across Asia wherever they went. Mustard gas and biological agents were used. Medical experiments were done. Pregnant women had their fetuses cut out and both left to die in pools of blood. POWs were murdered, starved, worked to death, used for bayonet practice, decapitated, and eaten.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ja...

https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkill...

在亚洲各地发生了疯狂的虐待和屠杀，平民被射杀，刺死，斩首，肢解，活埋，即使逃跑也没有用。日本人还使用芥子气和生化武器，进行人体实验。孕妇眼睁睁看着自己的胎儿被切除，血流不止而死。战俘被屠杀、饿死、苦役致死，有些被用来练习刺刀，被斩首甚至被吃掉。

The Japanese have a long history of insincere apologies. Part of the reason is the populace is protected from the facts about their WWII atrocities and are actually encouraged to think of themselves as the victims in the war. Sometimes so outrageous is this denial that there are accusations that reports of atrocities are an American attempt to cover up their own warcrimes.

在很长时段内，日本人的道歉并不真诚。部分原因是民众被避免知晓二战中他们所犯的暴行，甚至被唆使将自己视作为二战的受害者。有时候，这种否认太过离谱了，甚至有些日本人指责说，对日本二战暴行的报道其实是美国为了掩盖自己战争罪行。

If the Japanese were to genuinely regret and express this regret like the Germans did then I think they could look forward to being accepted back into the community of Asian nations. But instead their denials continue unabated so the tension persists.

如果日本人真的像德国人那样悔过，并表达这种歉意，那么我认为日本是可以被亚洲国家所重新接纳的。但日本对于战争罪行的否认仍在继续，不曾消减，所以紧张局势依然存在。

Well, I admit, since then, my views on the Japanese have changed profoundly!

好吧，我承认，从那以后，我对日本人的看法发生了深刻的变化！

3、William Foster

I am from California and was born and raised here. When it comes to the history of World War 2, much of the US based cirriculum is centered around the US conflict with Japan and the European conflict, both the US portion and the European portion.

我来自加利福尼亚，在此出生成长。说到第二次世界大战的历史，大部分美国人的认知是以美国对日战争和欧洲战争为中心。

Very little is taught or heard about what the Japanese inflicted upon the Chinese. While the Nazis were definitely brutal, the Japanese were literal barbarian hordes in China.

很少有人知道日本人给中国人带来的苦难。纳粹确实残忍，但在中国的日本人简直就是未开化的野蛮人。

I started to take interest in the topic about 2.5 years go when I was in Xiamen and Fuzhou, China as we were there to adopt our youngest son. I saw a world war 2 memorial in Fuzhou and just started to read about the Japanese occupation of China. After reading about the initial invasion I got to the Rape of Nanking wikipedia article. I can’t tell you how emotional I got while reading through the mass suffering of the Chinese people in Nanking! My heart ached to know that mankind could be capable of such reckless disregard for any and all human life! Babies thrown in the air and bayonted! Tens of thousands of women raped, violated and ultimately murdered! Any Chinese adult male being taken down to the river and just machine-gunned down !

我开始对这个话题感兴趣大约是在两年半前，当时我人在厦门和福州，到中国去是为了领养我们的小儿子。我在福州参观了一座二战纪念馆，才知道日本侵占过中国。在了解最初的入侵后，我找了维基百科上一篇关于南京大屠杀的文章。我无法形容我在读到南京大屠杀时是多么的难受！我急切的想知道为什么人类能对别人的生命做出如此毫不顾及的行为！婴儿被抛向空中刺死！数以千计的妇女被强奸，侵犯最终被虐杀！中国成年男子被带到河边被射杀！

People here just haven’t heard about it and if they have I just don’t think they understand the absolute depravity of the Japanese. Due to the fact we are a Chinese-American household, we actively celebrate elements of Chinese culture in our home. We decorate for and celebrate Chinese new year and we attempt to take part in local Chinese new year celebrations. Last year we attended a local Chinese New Year celebration where there was traditional Chinese food, elements of their culture, and the culmination was a presentation of traditional Chinese dance. The committee invited a bunch of local politicians as guests of honor and they were invited to speak prior to the event. It was a surreal moment when one of the politicians began to talk about how poorly the Japanese were treated here in the US during world war 2, as if the Chinese in attendance wanted to hear reminders of Japan and world war 2 (for a reference, the Japanese were treated poorly during world war 2 as they were forcefully interned but that treatment was quite literally nothing to how the Japanese treated the Chinese). I couldn’t believe that he would actually bring up Japan during a celebration of Chinese new year.

（美国）这里的人不知道这些，即使他们有了解过，我也不认为他们能认知到日本人那种彻底的恶。由于我们是一个美国人和中国人一起的家庭，我们在家积极庆祝中国传统文化。为庆祝中国新年我们还装饰房间，并尝试参加当地的中国新年庆祝活动。去年，我们参加了一个当地的中国新年庆祝活动，那有传统的中国食物，传统的中国文化，活动的高潮是一段中国传统舞蹈。委员会邀请了一群当地的政客作为荣誉嘉宾，并让他们在活动之前发言。预料不及的是其中一个政客开始谈论二战时期在美日本人遭到多么恶劣的对待，就好像中国听众想要想起日本和二战一样（作为参考，在二战期间日本人遭到的恶劣对待也只是被拘押，但和日本人对待中国人相比简直就是小巫见大巫）。我无法相信在庆祝中国新年之时这个政客竟然会提到日本。

4、Jacques Văn Khải

I called the massacre is terrible one. Do you know what had costed for some small/weak countries to understand in? Because it is the brutal of human nature. And that’s how we are facing for.Please look on this by the honest view.

我觉得这起大屠杀太可怕了。你知道弱小国家花了多大的代价从中得到教训？这就是残忍的人性。也正是我们现在正面对的。从客观的角度看这起事件。

China was weak. Weak those days. It was spared by the conflicts. Wars happened everywhere, everytime. And no peace there. Then Japan jumped in, made the situation come worse.

当时的中国很虚弱。因为各种矛盾而分崩离析，各地无时无刻不在爆发战争，毫无和平可言。然后日本人入侵了，使势态更为恶化。

And badly…

太糟糕了...

Japan took the city after the Chinese force surrendered the city. Gen. Iwane Matsui could have done better by trying to prevent the massacre. However, the high order of the Imperial Japanese command in China had not allowed prisoners, instead killing all and all.

在中国军队投降后，日本占领了这座城市。松井石根本来可以通过阻止屠杀来让势态变好。然而，在中国的日本帝国军高层命令不允许有囚犯，而是全部屠杀殆尽。

Imagine, with this type of order, would they keep their human ability?As Japan also kept the similar racist view on other Asians, believing on Japanese supremacy, and they thought they could revive China, they slaughtered all of other people there, in order to “clean China”. This was not cleaning. This was massacre! Genocide! It was that type! This helped strengthen Chinese nationalism later, but the pains would never be forgotten.

想象一下，有了这种命令，日本军人能保持人性吗？日本也对其他亚洲人持有类似的种族主义观点，他们坚信日本的霸权，认为他们可以重振中国，为了“清洁中国”，他们屠杀了那里的所有人。这不是清洁。这是屠杀！是种族灭绝！就是这样！这对后来加强中国的民族主义有所帮助，但这种痛苦永远不会被忘记。

The Nanking massacre could be understood like this:

南京大屠杀可以这样理解：

It showed the darkest and the most horrible part of human beings.

它展示了人类最黑暗和最可怕的一面。

It affected on the minds of the people in around the massacre.

它影响了大屠杀周围的人们的思想。

For Japan those days: to demonstrate the invincible power of Japan in the name of pan-Asianism.

对日本来说，大屠杀是为了以泛亚洲主义的名义展示日本不可战胜的力量。

For China those days: it strengthened China and helped Chinese to realize who they needed to fight.

对中国来说，大屠杀使中国更加团结，让中国人意识到他们必须奋起反抗。

The Nanking still affects today. China uses Nanking like a reason for its power rising. Japan refuses because this is not China they need to excuse. For others, it was like Armenian tragedy, Jewish tragedy, and more…I feel this massacre was cruel and non-human. But it should be respected for the deaths to be in peace, not for other warmongers use as an excuse of expansion and war plans.

南京大屠杀仍然影响至今。中国利用南京大屠杀作为其崛起的一个原因。日本抵制因为这不是他们需要道歉的中国。此外，这可能也是美国人和犹太人的策略，等等。我觉得这场大屠杀是残酷、毫无人性的。但是，对于那些为和平而牺牲的人来说，他们应该得到我们的尊重，而那些将大屠杀作为扩张和战争借口的战争贩子则不值得我们尊重。

5、M. G. Haynes,

I'd certainly never claim to speak for all "non-Chinese/Japanese" people when it comes to any subject on the planet, but I can give my thoughts as a veteran, an historian, and someone who's spent a long time living and traveling in Northeast Asia.

当涉及这种话题时，我绝对不会说我代表了所有的非中国/日本人，但作为一个老兵、历史学者，并且在东北亚生活旅游过很长时间的我能发表我个人的看法。

The Nanjing Massacre was nothing short of a horrible war crime. Imperial Japanese soldiers went on a murderous rampage, raping, torturing, and killing Chinese civilians to a degree that makes any discussion of the number of victims moot. The historian in me is convinced of the horrible facts of the event by the multiple eye-witness accounts by international and fairly impartial observers. The soldier in me is unconvinced--and a little disgusted--by post-war claims that the Japanese troops went beyond their orders.

南京大屠杀是一个可怕的战争罪行。日本帝国的士兵陷入了疯狂，强奸、折磨和杀害了大量中国平民，这在一定程度上使关于受害者人数的讨论都悬而未决。通过国际公正观察者的许多事件目击记录，作为历史学者的我坚信这起事件骇人听闻。日本战后声称日本军人违反命令而发动了大屠杀，这让作为士兵的我表示怀疑——也有些恶心。我的人生经验告诉我在各种事上日本人很容易“过分”或者说走极端。

My time spent living in this part of the world tells me that the Japanese are prone to "yari-sugi" or over-doing things...all sorts of things. These three components all come together to make me believe that 1) the killing and maltreatment of civilians happened on a very large scale, beyond what could be claimed even by WWII standards as "collateral damage", 2) that this treatment was ordered by Japanese commanders on the scene, and 3) that it was an overwhelming display of terror intended to punish the Chinese for Japanese losses at Shanghai and cow them into eventual submission.

以下三个部分让我相信就是那样1）对平民的杀戮和虐待发生在非常大的范围内，甚至超过了二战所称的“附带损害”标准（注：附带损害即在发动军事行动中，对平民造成的伤害），2）大屠杀是由日本军官在现场直接指挥的，3）这是一场压倒性的恐怖活动，目的是惩罚中国人在上海对日本人造成的损伤，并胁迫其投降。

None of this is terribly insightful. What's more interesting, I think, is why there are so many Japanese who disbelieve the event happened in the first place, or believe the Chinese have inflated the numbers of an otherwise "acceptable" number of civilian casualties. While elements of cultural distrust of the Chinese in general combines with a distrust of Communist propaganda after the war, the greater issue is that the Japanese simply don't want to believe it. Specifically, that the nice old man living on the fourth floor--or better yet, the kindly Grandfather who rocks their grandchildren to sleep--could have ever perpetrated such inherently unbelievable atrocities.

以上都不是很深刻的见解。我认为更让人感兴趣的是为什么会有那么多的日本人在最初不相信发生了这起事件，或者认为中国人夸大了一个“可接受范围”的平民伤亡人数。虽然总体上日本在文化上对中国不信任，再加之战后对共产主义不信任的宣传，但更大的问题是，日本人根本就不愿意相信发生过这起事件。具体来说，就是住在四楼的那位和蔼老人——或者更亲近的，一位正在让孙子们安睡的亲切祖父，过去竟然犯下了如此磬竹难书的暴行。

Don't ever underestimate how little the Japanese people back home knew about the detailed "sausage-making" of their war with China. As well, don't underestimate the long-term effect on the human psyche of a never-ending stream of pre-war and wartime government propaganda. Add to that a general lack of desire (with a few notable, but easily dismissible exceptions) by returning soldiers to tell of their own horrible deeds. These men were ashamed--of losing the war if not their behavior while prosecuting it--and not terribly interested in telling those back home all the evil deeds they'd done. After all, they'd been assured victory and everyone knows that the victors write history and so these troops would have assumed that the ends justified the means and all those acts would be forgotten in the end anyway. And finally, don't forget that post-war Japanese didn't really want to hear it anyway, they were sick of war and warriors, blaming the destruction of their entire way of life on the militarists who'd led the emperor astray and dragged Japan into a deep abyss.

永远不要低估日本人多么不了解他们与中国战争的详细经过。同样的，也不要低估了无休止的战前和战时政府宣传对人们心理的长期影响。再加上回国的士兵普遍缺乏向人们讲述他们可怕行径的念头（有些值得注意，但很容易被无视掉）。这些人为输掉这场战争而感到羞愧。他们也不想把自己的罪行告诉自己的亲人。毕竟他们获得了胜利，每个人都知道胜利者书写历史，所以这些军队认为无论如何，所有这些行为最终都将被遗忘。最后别忘了，战后的日本人并不真的想听这些，他们厌倦了战争和军人，把他们的整个生活方式都归咎于军国主义者，认为这些军国主义者把天皇引入歧途，把日本拖进了深渊。

The most important question of all, however, is how to move beyond this incident. Japan and the US are close allies today, despite a surprise attack that dragged the US into a war it was trying to avoid, the inexcusable treatment of Allied POWs, and the dropping of two atomic bombs. Taiwans have a close relationship with the Japanese and seem to, as a political body, harbor no lasting resentment，in spite of Japanese wartime atrocities committed there. Further afield, the French and Germans have a combined military unit and daily work side-by-side in NATO. Clearly, being the recipient of national-level aggression doesn't pre-suppose antagonism 70-years later.

然而，最重要的问题是如何超越这一事件。尽管日本发动突袭把美国拉入了试图避免的战争，日本对待同盟国战俘的方式也不可原谅，美国也给日本投了两颗原子弹，但今天日本和美国成为了非常亲密的盟友。作为一个政治实体，中国台湾与日本有着密切的关系，似乎也没了怨恨，尽管二战时日本人在那犯了暴行。在更远的地方，法国和德国组建了联合的军队，在北约里并肩作战。显然在70年后，战争的受害者并不希望发生对抗。

6、Juri Nakahara,

I am a Japanese who has spent some childhood in the US.

我是日本人，童年在美国生活。

You asked me to answer this question, but I know my answer is going to disappoint you and this is an honest answer as A Japanese.

你想我回答这个问题，但我的回答可能会让你失望，以下来自一个日本人的诚实回复。

I had been hesitating to answer after getting A2A, because I just remember the "word" Nanjing Massacre. Textbooks and education differs by generation. I am in my 30's and don't remember what I learned in junior high or high schools, and for me back then, history was just a subject that I had to pass tests, and I was just busy memorizing what happened in which year. This is just my experience and I don't know about other genetations, but I think schools focused more about telling us what happend between the US and Japan. I remember that I saw some videos about the bombing in Japan and attack on Pearl Harbor.

在受邀之后，我一直犹豫着要不要回答，因为我只记得“南京大屠杀”这个词。每一代的教科书和教育都是不同的。我已经30多岁了，我在初中或高中学到的东西已经没有多少印象，对我来说，历史只是我必须通过测试的一个科目，我只是在忙着记忆哪一年发生了什么事。这只是我个人的经历，我不知道其他世代怎么想，但我认为，学校更关注的是告诉我们美国和日本之间发生了什么。我记得我看过一些关于日本轰炸和偷袭珍珠港的视频。

This is just what I think, but as for Japanese, only people who are interested in history know well about Nanjin Massacre.I am a person who was wondering why Japanese government has to keep apolozing Chinese and South Korean governments.I started using Quora several months ago and Quora users' answers are helping me learn about what Japan did.

这只是我自己的想法，但对于日本人来说，只有对历史感兴趣的人才能很好地了解南京大屠杀。我很想知道为什么日本政府要一直向中国和韩国政府道歉。我几个月前开始用quora，quora用户的回答让我知道了日本曾经的所作所为。

7、Derrick Patterson

I am American. I currently live in China and I often ask Chinese people how they feel about Japan. The younger generation doesn’t seem to have any bad feelings against them, however when I ask some of the older locals they usually have a negative opinion about Japanese people.

我是美国人。我现在住在中国，我经常问中国人他们怎么看待日本人。年轻人对日本似乎没有多少负面情绪，然而当我问当地老人时，他们常常对日本人抱有负面看法。

The Nanjing Massacre was a clear example of how dark WWII was. Think about everything that occurred. The Nanjing Massacre, the Holocaust, the genocides in Ethiopia, Pearl Harbor, etc. Innocent people dying for a war they necessarily did not want to be involved in. Japan committed war crime after war crime, viewing Chinese people as animals instead of human beings. Holding up babies with bayonets, having competitions of who could behead the most villagers, taking photos with the deceased. It was nothing short of sick and should forever be a dark chapter in Japan’s history.

南京大屠杀是个明显的例子，印证了二战是多么的黑暗。想想看发生的每件事。南京大屠杀，犹太人大屠杀，埃塞俄比亚的种族灭绝，珍珠港事件，等等。无辜的人们为了一场他们本不愿意卷入其中的战争而死。日本在战争中接二连三的犯下罪行，把中国人当作动物而不是人对待。用刺刀刺死婴儿，比赛谁杀的平民最多，和受害者合影留念。这简直就是病态，应该永远成为日本历史上黑暗的一章。

People all over the world should not forget the Nanjing Massacre. We should remember history and remind ourselves that war should never be the answer.

全世界的人们都不应该忘记“南京大屠杀”这场惨剧，我们应该记住历史，然后不断地提醒自己，战争永远不应该成为答案。